ഉപയോക്താവ്:Vis M

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Copyright[തിരുത്തുക]

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a. Vowels.[തിരുത്തുക]

അ a as a in about
ആ ā ,, a ,, far
ഇ i ,, i ,, pin
ൟ ī ,, i ,, police
ഉ u[1] ,, u ,, full
ഊ ū ,, u ,, rule
ഋ r̥ vocalized r
ൠ r̥ do. lengthened
ഌ ḷi vocalized l
ൡ ḷī do. l lengthened
എ e as e in get
ഏ ē ,, e ,, prey
ഐ ei M. as ei in height
ai S. as ai in kaiser
ഒ o as o in collect
ഓ ō ,, o ,, vote
ഔ au ,, ow ,, fowl
അം am ,, um ,, fulerum
അഃ aḥ vocalized h

b Consonants.[തിരുത്തുക]

a. Initial.[തിരുത്തുക]

ക ka as ka in kalendar
ഖ kha the same aspirated
ഗ ġa as gs in gallon
ഘ gha the same aspirated
ങ ṅa as gna in magnate
ച ča as cha in chapter
ഛ čha the same aspirated
ജ j with en:double grave ( ̏) like ȑ as in Japan
ഝ j+ ̏ the same aspirated
ഞ ńa as nya in banyan
ട ṭa the cerebral ta
ഠ ṭha the same aspirated
ഡ d + overdot + underdot the cerebral da
ഢ d + overdot + underdot the same aspirated
ണ ṇa the cerebral na
ത ta the true dental ta
ഥ tha the same aspirated
ദ da, d+` (d with en:grave accent)a the true dental da
ധ dha the same aspirated
ന na the true dental na
പ pa as pa in paternal
ഫ pha the same aspirated
ബ ḃa as ba in balloon
ഭ bha the same aspirated
മ ma as ma in maternal
സ sa as sa in salute
യ ya as ya in yahoo (German j)
ര ra a palatal r
റ r+` (r with grave accent)a a cerebral r (German r)
ല la as la in laborious
വ va " va " variety
ശ ṧa a palatal sh
ഷ ša a cerebral sh
ഹ ha V ha „ harangue
ള ḷa a cerebral l
ഴ l with double underdotsa a cerebro-palatal l

b. Doubled or before other consonants.[തിരുത്തുക]

ക്ക kka, ക്ത kta, etc.
ച്ച čča, ച്യ čya, etc.
ട്ട ṭṭa
ത്ത tta, ത്ന tna: (Exception ത്മ ltma,
ത്ഭു lbhu, etc)
പ്പ ppa, പ്ര pra
റ്റ t+` (t with grave accent)

c. Between two vowels.[തിരുത്തുക]

ക ɣ, കൃ ɣṛ
ച ǰ
ട ḍ
ത δ, തൃ δṛ
b
ന n+` (n with grave accent) as n in nature
(ന്റേ n+` (n with grave accent)d+` (d with grave accent) ē; ൻ n+` (n with grave accent) as n in hyphen)
  1. ↑ (u with a ring below like r̥ final half u in Dravidian words.)

Sources[തിരുത്തുക]

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