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സഹായം:പൊതുസഞ്ചയം

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ഒരു കൃതി പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലാണോ എന്ന് തീരുമാനിക്കാനും അതിന് ഏത് ഫലകം ഉപയോഗിക്കാമെന്നും ഈ താൾ സഹായിക്കുന്നു.

മാനദണ്ഡം

[തിരുത്തുക]

ഒരു കൃതി പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലാണെന്ന് സുരക്ഷിതമായി കണക്കാക്കണമെങ്കിൽ പാലിക്കേണ്ട നിബന്ധനകൾ ഈ പട്ടികകളിൽ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്നു.[1][2]. ആദ്യം പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ച രാജ്യത്തിലും അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകളിലും പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലായവ മാത്രമേ വിക്കിഗ്രന്ഥശാലയിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുത്താനാവൂ.

പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലല്ലാത്തവ

[തിരുത്തുക]
Conditions Date PD
unpublished works created before 1978 and published 1977–2003 2048–2073[a]

പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലുള്ളവ

[തിരുത്തുക]

Corporate authorship

[തിരുത്തുക]

'Corporate authorship' refers to works written for hire or in the name of a corporation.

Date of publication Conditions Public domain Template
none. unpublished Works created 120+ years ago (1904) none.
1923 through 1977
  • published outside the US and copyright in its home country
 works created 120+ years ago (1904) or published 95+ years ago (1929), whichever is earliest. none.
1978–1 March 1989
  • no notice, but subsequent registration
  • or with notice
 works created 120+ years ago (1904) or published 95+ years ago (1929), whichever is earliest. none.
After 1 March 1989 none. works created 120+ years ago (1904) or published over 95+ years ago (1929), whichever is earliest. none.

Unpublished works

[തിരുത്തുക]

An unpublished work is one that has never been published in any form, or which was first published after 2003 but created before 1935.

Note for the European Union: If a previously unpublished work is published first time ("editio princeps") later than 70 years after the death of the author, then it is no more public domain but it is granted a copyright for 25 years (Council Directive 93/98/EEC, see here)
Type of work What is public domain Template
  • Most works (except those below)
  • or created before 1978 and published after 2002
 works of authors who died 70+ years ago (1954) {{PD-old-70}}
  • anonymous or pseudonymous
  • or author's date of death unknown
 Works created 120+ years ago (1904) {{PD-old}}

Published in the United States

[തിരുത്തുക]
Date of publication Condition[3] What is public domain Template
Before 1923 none. all works. {{PD-1923}}
1923–1963 with notice, no renewal[b] all works. {{PD-US-no-renewal}}
1923–1963 with notice and renewal[b] Works published 95+ years ago (1929) none.
1923–1977 no copyright notice all works. {{PD-US-no-notice}}
1964–1977 with notice Works published 95+ years ago (1929) none.
1978–1 March 1989 no notice or subsequent registration all works. none.
1978–1 March 1989
  • no notice, but subsequent registration
  • or with notice
 works of authors who died 70+ years ago (1954) none.
After 1 March 1989 none. works of authors who died 70+ years ago (1954)
Any time prepared by an on-duty officer or employee of the United States Federal Government all works. {{PD-USGov}}
Any time official documents of the United Nations[4] Official records, UN documents issued with a UN symbol, and not-for-sale public information materials designed primarily to inform the public about United Nations activities {{PD-UN}}

അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകൾക്ക് പുറത്ത് പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ചത്

[തിരുത്തുക]

ശ്രദ്ധിക്കുക: 1923-നു ശേഷം അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകൾക്ക് (യു.എസ്.) പുറത്ത് പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിക്കപ്പെട്ട കൃതികൾ ഉറുഗ്വേ റൗണ്ട് എഗ്രീമെന്റ്സ് നിയമപ്രകാരം, ചിലപ്പോൾ ഇപ്പോഴും യു.എസിൽ പകർപ്പവകാശമുള്ളവയായിരിക്കാം. ഈ കരാർ നിലവിൽവരുന്നതിന് പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലായ കൃതികളും ഇവയിൽപ്പെടാം.[5] തികച്ചും സ്പഷ്ടമായ വ്യവസ്ഥകൾ മാത്രമേ ഇവിടെ നൽകിയിട്ടുള്ളൂ.

പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിച്ച തിയതി വ്യവസ്ഥ ഏതൊക്കെ പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലാണ് ഫലകം
1909 ജൂലൈ 1-നു മുൻപ് ഒന്നുമില്ല. എല്ലാ കൃതികളും. ഒന്നുമില്ല.
1909 ജൂലൈ 1 മുതൽ 1922 വരെ യു.എസ്. ഔപചാരികതകൾ പ്രകാരം എല്ലാ കൃതികളും. ഒന്നുമില്ല.
1923–1977 1996 ജനുവരി 1-ന് അതിന്റെ മാതൃരാജ്യത്ത് പൊതുസഞ്ചയത്തിലായിരിക്കുകയും ഈ തിയതിക്കുമുമ്പ് യു.എസിൽ അത് പ്രസിദ്ധീകരിക്കാതിരിക്കുകയും ചെയ്തവ. എല്ലാ കൃതികളും. {{PD-1996}}
1978 ജനുവരി 1-നു ശേഷം അതിന്റെ മാതൃരാജ്യത്ത് പകർപ്പവകാശത്തിനുകീഴിലുള്ളവ 95-ഓ അതിലധികമോ വർഷം മുൻപ് (1929) മരിച്ച രചയിതാക്കളുടെ കൃതികൾ
Published in Greater China
[തിരുത്തുക]
Condition What is public domain Template
Works ineligible for copyright in Mainland China Laws; regulations; resolutions, decisions and orders of State organs; other documents of a legislative, administrative or judicial nature; and their official translations. {{PD-CN}}
Official works of Macao Official works, in particular the texts of treaties, laws and regulations and those of reports or decisions by authorities of any kind, and translations thereof. {{PD-MO}}
Works ineligible for copyright in Taiwan The constitution, acts, regulations, official documents (including proclamations, text of speeches, news releases, and other documents prepared by civil servants in the course of carrying out their duties), and their translations and compilations by central or local government agencies. {{PD-TW}}
Published in Germany
[തിരുത്തുക]
Condition What is public domain Template
Official works of Germany Official works released by any German federal or state authority or court. Third party translations are not public domain until 70 years after the death of the translator. {{PD-DEGov}}

Miscellaneous

[തിരുത്തുക]
Condition What is public domain Template
No creative content Some works (vague) {{PD-ineligible}}
Copyright released by holder All works {{PD-release}}
Public manifesto Works where research has uncovered no copyright {{PD-manifesto}}
[തിരുത്തുക]

These tables outline the estimated length of time of copyright per country[6][7][8]. Laws regarding anonymous works, corporate-authored works, or non-literary works vary per country. This is not intended to be used as a legal guideline since it cannot reflect the complexity of the copyright laws in effect at any one time and since copyright laws are changing continuously; this section simply provides a useful summary as part of a more in-depth research.

Country Copyright length
Albania life + 70
Algeria life + 50
Andorra life + 70
Angola life + 50
Argentina life + 70
Armenia life + 50
Aruba unknown
Australia life + 50 if author died before 1955, otherwise life + 70
Austria life + 70
Azerbaijan life + 50
Bahrain life + 50
Bangladesh life + 50
Barbados life + 50
Belarus life + 50
Belgium life + 70
Belize life + 50
Benin life + 50
Bhutan life + 50
Bolivia life + 50
Bosnia and Herzegovina life + 70
Brazil
  • life + 70 for known authors[9]
  • first publication + 70 for anonymous or pseudonymous works (only if the author doesn't make his identity known before the expiry)[10]
  • first publication + 70 for audiovisual and photographic works[11], phonograms and transmission for the broadcasts of broadcasting organizations[12]
  • texts of treaties or conventions, laws, decrees, regulations, judicial decisions and other official enactments shall be excluded from copyright protection[13]
Brunei life + 50
Bulgaria life + 70
Burkina Faso life + 50
Burundi life + 50
Cambodia life + 50
Cameroon life + 50
Canada life + 50
Cape Verde life + 50
Chile life + 50
China life + 50
Colombia life + 80
Costa Rica life + 70
Cote d'Ivoire life + 99
Croatia life + 50 if author died before 1949[14], otherwise life + 70 [15][16]
Cuba life + 50
Czech Republic life + 70
Denmark life + 70
Djibouti life + 25
Dominica life + 70
Dominican Republic life + 50
Ecuador life + 70
Egypt life + 50
El Salvador life + 50
Estonia life + 70
European Union life + 70
Fiji life + 50
Finland life + 70
France life + 70
Georgia life + 50
Germany life + 70
Ghana life + 70
Greece life + 70
Guatemala life + 75
Honduras life + 75
Hong Kong life + 50
Hungary life + 70
Iceland life + 70
India life + 60 for literary or musical works or artistic works, publication + 60 for others[17].
Indonesia life + 50
Iran life + 30
Iraq life + 50 (imposed by occupying provisional authority)
Ireland life + 70
Israel life + 70
Italy life + 70
Jamaica life + 50
Japan life + 50 (life + 70 years for motion pictures)
Jordan life + 50
Kazakhstan life + 50
Kenya life + 50
Korea (South) life + 50
Kuwait life + 50
Kyrgyzstan life + 50
Latvia life + 70
Lebanon life + 50
Libya life + 25, with 50-year minimum (as of 1968; may have changed since)
Liechtenstein life + 70
Lithuania life + 70
Luxembourg life + 70
Macao life + 50
Madagascar life + 70
Malaysia life + 50
Maldives none
Mali life + 50
Malta life + 70
Marshall Islands none
Mauritius life + 50
Mexico life + 100
Moldova life + 50
Mongolia life + 50
Montenegro life + 70
Morocco life + 50
Namibia life + 50
The Netherlands life + 70
New Zealand life + 50
Nicaragua life + 70
Niger life + 50

According to Ch. II, Art. 6 of the Nigerien copyright law, items not protected are:

  • official texts of legislative, administrative or judiciary nature, or official translations of such texts,
  • current news items,
  • single facts and statements.
Nigeria Life + 70
Norway life + 70
Oman life + 50
Pakistan life + 50
Palau life + 50
Panama life + 50
Papua New Guinea life + 50
Paraguay life + 70
Peru life + 70
Philippines life + 50
Poland Life + 70
Qatar life + 50
Romania life + 70
Russia life + 70(74) (life + 50(54) for works whose copyright expired before January 1, 2004)[18]
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines life + 50
Samoa Life + 75
Saudi Arabia life + 50
Serbia life + 70
Seychelles life + 25
Singapore life + 70
Slovakia life + 70
Slovenia life + 70
Solomon Islands life + 50
South Africa life + 50
Spain life + 70
Sudan life + 50
Swaziland life + 50
Sweden life + 70
Switzerland life + 70
Syria life + 50
Taiwan life + 50
Tajikistan life + 50
Tanzania life + 50
Thailand life + 50
Togo life + 50
Tonga life + 50
Trinidad and Tobago life + 50
Tunisia life + 50
Turkey life + 70
United Arab Emirates life + 50
United Kingdom life + 70
United States of America expired for works published before 1923; 28 or 95 years for works copyrighted 1923-1963; 95 years for works copyrighted 1964-1977; thereafter life+70.
Uruguay life + 50
Uzbekistan life + 50
Venezuela life + 60
Vietnam life + 50
Yemen life + 30
Zambia life + 50
Zimbabwe life + 50

Notes

[തിരുത്തുക]

Footnotes

[തിരുത്തുക]

  • copyrighted_unpublished

These works have copyright terms extending 70 years beyond the author's life, or until 31 December 2047 (whichever is greater).

  • renewal

The United States Copyright renewal records search engine is a useful tool for determining renewal status.

References

[തിരുത്തുക]
  1. ↑ The criteria tables are primarily derived from the Cornell Copyright Information Center's Public Domain chart, which is copyrighted by Peter Hirtle and released under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License 2.0.
  2. ↑ Copyright durations, Bromberg and Sunstein, LLP
  3. ↑ Circular 15a from the United States Copyright Office
  4. ↑ As Section 7 of the United States Headquarters Agreement for the United Nations, Public Law 80-357 applies the United States laws to the United Nations Headquarters, works published there are copyrighted in the same way as other works published in the United States.
  5. ↑ Highlights of Copyright Amendments Contained in the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (URAA). Circular 38b (Portable Document Format), Library of Congress Copyright Office
  6. ↑ How Can I Tell Whether a Book Can Go Online?, Online Books Page
  7. ↑ Summary of copyright terms The Online Books Page
  8. ↑ Collection of National Copyright Laws, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation
  9. ↑ Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 41
  10. ↑ Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 43
  11. ↑ Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 44
  12. ↑ Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 96
  13. ↑ Law No. 9610 of February 19, 1998, on Copyright and Neighboring Rights, article 8
  14. ↑ NN 1999/9 Zakon o autorskom pravu (pročišćeni tekst) old law life +50
  15. ↑ NN 1999/76 Zakon o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o autorskom pravu change from life +50 to life +70
  16. ↑ Zakon o autorskom pravu i srodnim pravima (valid law)
  17. ↑ A Hand Book of Copyright Law, Government of India Ministry of Human Resource Development
  18. ↑ copyright.ru (Russian)

See also

[തിരുത്തുക]
"https://ml.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=സഹായം:പൊതുസഞ്ചയം&oldid=202198" എന്ന താളിൽനിന്ന് ശേഖരിച്ചത്