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to what caste he belonged, and answered that he was a Variyar. Not satisfied with this inormation, the gentleman enquired if his visitor was a Brahmana. Of course, the answer was, "no." Thereupon he was, in succession, asked whether he was a Kshattriya, a Vaishya or a Shudra. To all these, the Variyar returned,"no." Thereupon the gentleman burst out in excellent Sanskrit,"Varnanam panchadhatvam nasurutam(I have never heard that there are five castes")- Viewed in this light, are not the thousand and one different sects of Brahmanas, none fitting in with one another, e.g., Vaishnava, Madhva, Smartha, Tenkalai, Vadagalai, Mangudi, Vadama, Choliya, Nambudiri, Embran, and likewise varieties among Kshattriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras impossible and absurd?
Next, let it be supposed that castes are determined by actions. Here, however, we find "actions" the same,but castes various. Moreover, why are persons belonging to one caste not promoted to a "higher" one, as the fruit of meritorious actions, as Visvamitra and other were of old? Now-a-days we only witness degradations awarded as punishment for impericet "actious." the power to promote being confined to missionaries and Tangals. They, if so inclined, can, as we have daily experience, confer on Cherumas and others (who, till yesterday, had to stand at a distance of 61 feet and more from the "higher" castes and, in addressing the latter, use humiliating expressions), the power to approach and behave like equal; while the priestly Brahmana can but send doun persons as the penalty of bad actions. What the is cast? I answer: People congregated in separate groups, in course of time, wheter on account of relationship, or for pupose of mutual protection, or for some other cause. As time went on jealously sprang up between the various groups, and disputes arose as to the superiority of the various vustoms and habits, which inevitabley had come into existence among them. These disputes ended, sometimes in compromises, sometimes in victory for one side and defeat for the other. Thus, some communities became mutually equal, the rest superior or inferior to others. Inter-dining and mutual marital relations became possible to the former, while "inferior" communities could take food from "superiors" but the reverse was not permissible, and personal contact with or approach of "lower" persons rendered immersion in whether compulsary for the "higher." In this manner, various castes sprang into existence.
 ഇതിലെ ഉള്ളടക്കത്തിന്റെ സ്കോർ ലഭിക്കുന്നതു് ഈ താൾ ആദ്യം ടൈപ്പു ചെയ്തുതുടങ്ങിയ Lekhambhat എന്ന ഉപയോക്താവിനായിരിക്കും. | |||||
| ഈ താളിന്റെ ഗുണനിലവാരം: (വിശദവിവരങ്ങൾക്കു് ഈ ലേഖനം കാണുക) | |||||
| സങ്കീർണ്ണത | തനിമലയാളം | അക്ഷരങ്ങളുടെ എണ്ണം | ടൈപ്പിങ്ങ് പുരോഗതി | ഫോർമാറ്റിങ്ങ് മികവ് | അക്ഷരശുദ്ധി |
| (സ്കോർ ഇതുവരെ ചേർത്തിട്ടില്ല) | (സ്കോർ ഇതുവരെ ചേർത്തിട്ടില്ല) | (സ്കോർ ഇതുവരെ ചേർത്തിട്ടില്ല) | (സ്കോർ ഇതുവരെ ചേർത്തിട്ടില്ല) | (സ്കോർ ഇതുവരെ ചേർത്തിട്ടില്ല) | (സ്കോർ ഇതുവരെ ചേർത്തിട്ടില്ല) |
