— 122 —
165. What tenses remain formed from the root 'vén' (=be
necessary)?
The first future véṇam (= it needs, it is necessary) is
the chief. This is used as a present; the subjunctive
'véṇukil' (=if it be necessary) and concessive 'véṇukilum'
(= although it be necessary) are also found. The other
tenses of this root are supplied by those of the root
'véṇdu' (= require).
166. What tenses are there remaining formed from the
roots 'taku' and 'miku'?
The first futures 'takum' (=it is fit)* and 'mikum' (=it is
much or increases),* the second futures 'takú' and 'mikú',
and the adnounal past participles 'takka' and 'mikka'
with the participial nouns derived from these.
167. Are there any other defective verbs?
Yes.
i. The root 'pól' (=be like); this has the 1st future 'pólum';
'póla', 'póla' (vé) for verbal noun and infinitive; these
are the only forms. — 'Pól' in 'orupóle' (= of the same
kind alike), 'uṇṭupól' [=there is a saying (that) there is]
&c. is probably a pure noun of the same form as 'chol'.
ii. The root 'mél'; this has only the 2nd future 'mélu',
the negative future 'mélá' (= cannot) and the negative
verbal noun 'méláyka' (= the not being able).
* Lit. 'will be fit'; and 'will increase' 'will be much or many'.
