താൾ:CiXIV68.pdf/11

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PREFACE.

On the other hand he has endeavored to condense the matter present-
ed into the shortest possible space. What is obvious has been omitted,
many secondary words are but slightly noticed and a liberal use has
been made of abbreviations. By these means it is possible to publish
the whole work in one portable volume; smaller than Rottler's Tamil
or Reeve's Canarese Dictionary.

11. The student may at the beginning be embarassed by some of
the abbreviations adopted (for instance √ for root; + plus as in അവൻ,
which is composed of അ+അൻ; the figures (2)(3) which point to that
signification of the parent word from which the derivative is deducible,
(as അകക്കരൾ (3) to അകം 3., the mind). Also the absence of the
common signs s., adj. may startle him at first sight. They have been
deliberately abandoned. What, for instance, is the use of calling (അച
രം an adj., which indeed it is in Sanscrit, when the example subjoined
ചരാചരങ്ങൾ shows that in Malayālam it is used as a noun? Or why
should അകൃതം be called an adj. and അകൃത്യം a subst, whilst in S.
both are equally adjectives and in Malayālam strictly speaking both
are nouns, though poetical usage may treat them more or less as
adjectives. Can the indefinite Numerals, such as അനേകം, അസാരം
be called adjectives, or have composition-cases like അകത്തേ a claim
to that name? It seems to be of more moment to show by examples,
how the words are applied, than to pretend to classify them by the
utterly incongruous nomenclature of the grammar of European
languages. Where doubts might arise, the gender, which in most
cases is recognizable by the termination, will be found marked, as
അമ്പലവാസി m.,— സിനി f.; അഴകൻ m., അഴകി f. Butsince Malayālam
grammar acknowledges only the distinctions of Nouns, Verbs and In-
declinables, the Verb seems to be the only part of speech which re-
quires specifying marks. This has been amply done by the abbrevi-
ations a. v.=active verb, n. v.= neuter verb, CV.= Causal Verb, den V.=
denominative Verb, defV.= defective Verb, (for instance ഉള്ളു), adj. V.=
adjectival Verb (as അരു, ഇള), aux. V.= auxiliary Verb (f.i. ഇടുക), as
also by marking its parts (past, 1st and 2nd fut., inf., conditional, adj.
and adv. participle, VN.=Verbal Noun, etc.).

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