MALAYALIM LANGUAGE. 27
6th. എനെ. This particle invariably requires a past participle and
in this connexion signifies would have; as,
| വന്നെനെ | Would have come; | from | വന്ന | and | എനെ |
| സംസാരിച്ചെനെ | ,, ,, spoken; | ,, | സംസാരിച്ച | ,, | ,, |
| കാത്തെനെ | ,, ,, watched; | ,, | കാത്ത | ,, | ,, |
| ശരണപ്പെട്ടെനെ | ,, ,, trusted; | ,, | ശരണപ്പെട്ട | ,, | ,, |
| പൊയെനെ | ,, ,, gone; | ,, | പൊയ | ,, | ,, |
7th. പ്രകാരം, According to. A particle of very common use affixed
to the present or past participle. For the further use of this particle, see
para 34: section 2nd.
8th. ഉടനെ, As soon as, immediately. Used like the last particle.
9th. തൊറും. This particle when affixed to nouns, generally of time
and place denotes distribution; as,
| ദിവസംതൊറും, | Every day; | from | ദിവസം | day. |
| നഗരം തൊറും, | City by city; | ,, | നഗരം | city. |
When affixed to the future tense of verbs, this particle signifies the
more; as,
ഞാൻ അതിനെ അടിക്കുന്തൊറും അധികമായിട്ട കരഞ്ഞു.
The more I beat it the more it cried.
33. The following particles require nouns or pronouns in the nomina-
tive case; some few of them require other cases also; as,
1st. മുതൽ, തുടങ്ങി, From, beginning with. മുതൽ is from the
Tamil and signifies Beginning; തുടങ്ങി is the past participle of the verb
തുടങ്ങുന്നു to begin; but used as a particle it corresponds to മുതൽ and
is used indifferently with it.
Sometimes the particle മുതൽ receives the past participle of the verb
ആകുന്നു; thus മുതലായ. തുടങ്ങി takes the present participle of the
auxiliary verb ഉണ്ട, which is ഉള്ള, in the same sense; as, തുടങ്ങിയുള്ള.
ആദി is a Sanscrit word, but now generally adopted into the Mala-
yalim language. It has the same meaning as and is used for മുതലായ or
തുടങ്ങിയുള്ള.
When മുതലായ, or തുടങ്ങിയുള്ള is affixed to the nominative case
of nouns, the noun undergoes no change: when ആദി is used the nomi-
E2
