താൾ:CiXIV40.pdf/43

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MALAYALIM LANGUAGE. 21

ദുസ്സാമൎത്ഥ്യം, from ദുർ and സാമൎത്ഥ്യം.
ദുശ്ശീലം, ,, ,, ,, ശീലം.
ദുഷ്കാലം, ,, ,, ,, കാലം.
ദുഷ്പ്രയത്നം, ,, ,, ,, പ്രയത്നം.

24. Other changes frequently take place in the consonants; but as
some of them are too arbitrary to be rules, and others arise
in forming the different parts of speech, they will be best understood if
pointed out and explained when the different occasions that give rise to
them may occur.

ETYMOLOGY.

25. All the words, in the Malayalim language, are divided into six
principal parts: viz. Particles, Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Adjectives, and
Adverbs. The Preposition, or rather Postposition, Conjunction, and In-
terjection are included in the particle. There is no Article.7

PARTICLES.

26. As the particles are much used in the formation of the other parts
of speech, it will be necessary to commence this part of the Grammar with
the study of them.

27. In attempting to classify the Particles a difficulty arises in conse-
quence of the same assemblage of letters forming, in different connexions,
different parts of speech; but the following arrangement will show the
senses in which they are commonly used.

28. The following particles are derived from the Sanscrit, and prefixed
to nouns, and verbs derived from Sanscrit nouns.

1st. പ്ര. A preposition signifying forth, for, off; it also denotes, ex-
cess. etc.: as,

പ്രമൊദം, The highest degree of joy; from പ്ര and മൊദം Joy.


7 Unless the numeral ഒന്ന one be excepted, which, in connexion with
other words, is changed to ഒരു . In this latter case it occasionally
answers to our indefinite article; as ഒരു ആൾ അവിടെ ഉണ്ട, a person
is there. When our definite article occurs, the natives sometimes use
the demonstrative pronouns ആ, ൟ, or paraphrastical expressions
suited to the idiom of the language; as will be hereafter pointed out.

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