86 A GRAMMAR OF THE
person singular, and a third person plural, distinguished by the pronomi-
nal termination being affixed to the tenses, generally, of the Indicative
Mood; thus,
Present Tense.
| ഞാൻ | സഹായിക്കുന്നെൻ, | I assist. |
| അവൻ | സഹായിക്കുന്നാൻ, | He assists. |
| അവൾ | സഹായിക്കുന്നാൾ, | She assists. |
| അവർ | സഹായിക്കുന്നാർ, | They assist. |
Past Tense.
| ഞാൻ | സഹായിച്ചെൻ, | I assisted. |
| അവൻ | സഹായിച്ചാൻ, | He assisted. |
| അവൾ | സഹായിച്ചാൾ, | She assisted. |
| അവർ | സഹായിച്ചാർ, | They assisted. |
Future Tense.
| ഞാൻ | സഹായിപ്പെൻ, | I will assist. |
| അവർ | സഹായിപ്പാർ, | They will assist. |
DEFECTIVE VERBS.
125. Defective verbs are divided into two classes; the Affirmative and
Negative.
OF AFFIRMATIVE DEFECTIVE VERBS.
1st. വെണം. This word conveys the idea of necessity: it is also used
in an imperative sense and may be rendered must or ought. In the form-
er case it requires the governing noun, or pronoun to be in the dative case;
in the latter, it takes a nominative.
വെണം. In its full shape is used in the present tense; as,
ഇനിക്ക വെണം, I want; lit. It is necessary for me.
വെണം, in this shape, is also used, to connect words; thus,
The conjunctive participle ഉം, changed into യും is affixed to verbal
nouns, and വെണം placed after the last verbal noun in the sentence,
