താൾ:CiXIV132a.pdf/351

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XXXIX

verted, the water does not flow out, 191; wine does not flow out
from a cask, if the bunghole is not opened, 192; the use of the
wine-tester, 196; the syphon, a bent tube with unequal legs and
open at both ends. 197. Intermittent springs, which are noth
ing else than natural syphons. They flow as often as the water-
level in the under-ground basin reaches the highest point of
the syphon. When the basin is empty, the spring ceases to flow,
hence its name. Pressure supported by the human body, 198;
on high mountains blood jets from our pores, 199; we get tired
very soon walking on high mountains, 200; we feel tired and
depressed before a thunderstorm, 201; air escapes with great
force from a bottle opened on a high mountain, 202; Magde
burg hemispheres, 203; air in a bladder expands under the re
ceiver of an air-pump, 204; a bottle made of thin glass, filled
with air, and corked will break under the same circumstances,
2O5; an egg with a small hole in it emptied under the receiver,
206; an apple with a wrinkled surface becomes smooth again,
a frog under the receiver swells up. 207.

§ 89. All these examples prove, a) that the pressure of
the air is transmitted in all directions, b) Any part within the
atmosphere has to sustain a pressure equal to the weight of a
column of air, the base of which is the place pressed upon and
the height is the height of the atmosphere.

As to the density of a gaseous body it increases in propor
tion to the pressure exerted upon it. This law is called the law
of Mariotte (1660), although it was discovered 10 years before
him by Boyle in England. The consequence of this law is that
in proportion to the density of a gaseous body its expansive
force will increase and its volume decrease.

Of course this law can only be applied, if the temperature
of air does not change.

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