താൾ:CiXIV132a.pdf/340

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XXVIII

CHAPTER IV.

Equilibrium and Motion of Liquids
Hydrostatics.

145–174

§ 66. The characteristics of liquids are the mobility of
their parts and their low degree of compressibility. 145

§ 67. All the laws laid down for the equilibrium and
motion of solid bodies hold also true for liquids.

§ 68. The surface of water at rest is a horizontal plane
and is called water level, hence the surface of a river is an in
clined plane.

§ 69. 1) Liquids are in a state of equilibrium, when
their surfaces in communicating vessels are in the same hori
zontal plane. 146. If the communicating vessels contain
different liquids, the height of that liquid, the specific height of
which is n times less than that of the other, is n times greater.

Applications of this we see in the water-jet projected from
the shorter of two communicating tubes and in fountains, which
play (jet d'eau) in gardens. 147. 148. The formation of
springs and wells are due to the same law, especially the
Artesian wells dug first in the province of Artois are a striking
verification of the fact, that the water of a well originating from
a spring, which comes from a higher place than the well, tends
to rise.

Remark, The jet projected from the shorter tube will always ascend
only to about ⅔ of the height, at which the liquid stands in the longer
tube and this is due to the resistance of air, to adhesion and to the water
falling down again.

Another application of the principle of the equilibrium of
liquids we see in the Water-level, an instrument by which the

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